Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a worldwide clinical dilemma encountered in critically ill patients and characteristically portends an increase in morbidity and mortality.

Objective: To study prospectively the clinical spectrum of AKI and assessment of RIFLE Criteria vs AKIN Criteria in terms of clinical course, risk stratification and prognosis among patients with AKI in ICUs and emergency.

Methodology: Prospective clinical descriptive study was done in 100 patients admitted in various ICUs (Intensive Care Unit) and Emergency Ward in Kempegowda institute of Medical Science. According to patients co morbidities and underlying pathology patients were followed clinically and by serial biochemical tests and were started on conservative treatment, if indicated patients were taken for hemodialysis.

Results: In this study out of 100 patients 48 required ventilator support and inotropic support and 30 patients underwent dialysis. Overall 49 patients died amounting to 49% mortality. On RIFLE staging mortality in patients with AKI stage failure was 56.2%, injury was 44.4%, and risk is 53.8% indicating that there was no significant difference in mortality by RIFLE stage.

Conclusion: The AKIN criteria improve the sensitivity of the Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) diagnosis over the RIFLE Criteria. The AKIN Criteria do not improve on the ability of the RIFLE criteria in predicting in hospital mortality of critically ill Patients.

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