Title: A novel diagnostic method for Duchene Muscular Dystrophy using m-calpain as a quantitative marker: Biochemical marker for DMD diagnostics

Authors:Dr.Mohana Rao V, Dr.Sridevi K,Dr.G.Manoj Someswar, Dr.Anandraj MPJS

Calcium activated neutral protease-2 (m-Calpain) is a prominent catalytic protein found at the cellular level of human placenta. Earlier investigations stated its involvement in duchenne muscular dystrophy, which made us interested to isolate and purify m-Calpain with high yield to raise polyclonal antibodies. Here, we discussed indigenously developed reliable methodology by optimizing dependent parameters to isolate and purify m-Calpain with more yield. By currently developed methodology, significant yield of m-Calpain has been isolated and purified i.e 4-5 mg /1000g placenta tissue, which consists of 36.57% of total recovered protein. We have raised specific polyclonal antibodies against m-calpain in albino rabbits and serologically confirmed the purified enzyme by double diffusion and electrophoresis. Through development of this methodology, it enabled us to develop the cost-effective Quantitative ELISA (Q-ELISA) to identify Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) patients and true carriers. Through Q-ELISA test we have found out that elevated levels of m-Calpain in platelets i.e 17.1±0.6 ng/ml in true carriers, 16.5±4.5 ng/ml in patients, 1.7±0.3 ng/ml in control males & 1.8±0.8 ng/ml in control females

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Title: Microcytic red cell morphology in Dhodia Patel Community: Is there α-thalassemia?

Authors: Dr.Dipal Bhukhanvala 

Microcytic red cell indices are commonly associated with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and β-thalassemia. If these causes are ruled out then there is a possibility of α-thalassemia [1]. α–thalassemia is caused by impaired production of α globin chains. The commonest α gene defect in the Indian population is the deletion of one or two genes. The severe and fatal form of α thalassemia, hemoglobin (Hb) Bart’s hydrops fetalis is not reported in India. Few cases of Hb H disease have been reported [2]- [5]. α–thalassemia has a widespread distribution worldwide. The literature reveals that it is mainly limited to certain tribal groups with a prevalence of 8 to 81 % [6]- [7].

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Title: Hypolipidemic activity of Trichopus zeylanicus leaf extract against alloxan induced diabetes mellitus in male albino rats

Authors: S.Rajprakash, A.Sohna Chandra Packiavathy, A.Meena

Trichopus zeylanicus is a plant with adaptogenic properties. This experiment with three groups of rats was designed to evaluate the beneficial properties of  T. zeylanicus consumption on LPO, AO, blood glucose regulation and lipid profile in albino rats in alloxan induced stage. For the study, the male albino rats were divided into three groups normal, alloxan treated and alloxan along with the plant treated group. The Intraperitonial injection of alloxan with two days caused diabetes mellitus and the third group had plant treatment up to 5 days. Effects of T. zeylanicus consumption on LPO, antioxidant, GSH, glucose and lipid profile  were also evaluated. The plant treatment had remarkable effects on LPO, GSH  and  glucose level in the male albino rats. An improvement in lipid profile was observed with lower plasma LDL and  total- cholesterol  levels as well as higher HDL cholesterol after 5 days of  T. zeylanicus leaf extract treatment.  Thus the leaf extract of  T. zeylanicus was found to have hypolipidemic activity.      

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Title: To Study The Biochemical And Hematological Parameters In Pre-Eclampsia.

Authors: Imteyaz Ganai,Shazia Jeelani Samoon,Parveen Nafae,Arif Kelam,Farooq,Ahmad Ganie

To study biochemical and hematological parameters in pre-eclampsia.

Methods: study was performed on two hundred pregnant (primigravida) women of age ranging between 20 to 25 years and having gestational age between 20 to 34 weeks. Hundred obstetric women were identified as having pre-eclampsia and hundred healthy pregnant subjects were taken as controls, having uncomplicated pregnancies and were normotensive throughout gestation and without proteinuria

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Title: Late- Onset Bilateral Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder: A Case Study

Authors:Dr N. Banumathy,Dr Sanjay Munjal,Dr.M. Modi^,Dr.Naresh Panda

Background:Onset of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder in early adulthood or middle age is exceptionally unusual. This report describes such an unusual finding of young adult onset, bilateral Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder. 

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Title: Studies on Thermo stability of Newcastle Disease Virus (Local Isolate) For Preparation of Vaccine

Authors: Chakraborty  D, Guha  C,  Biswas  U, Chatterjee  A, Jana  P. S, Biswas  S, Sharma L, Pradhan N ,Bhagat  S And Naha B.C

The  study  was  carried  out  to  assess  the  thermostability  of  Newcastle  disease virus  (local isolate) which was isolated, characterised  and  provided  by the Department of Veterinary Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, West Bengal university of animal and Fishery Sciences. The thermostability  procedure  consist of  three cycles which were  carried  out  at  25⁰C  for  36  days, 37⁰C  for 29  days  and  56⁰C  for  time  period  ranging  between  5  minutes  to  8  hours respectively.  The  results  showed  that  the  infectivity  titre  of  the  virus was  remained  good  at  the  end  of  the  first  thermal  cycle  i.e. the  HA titre i.e. 2⁸ and 10^8.5EID₅₀/ml respectively. At  the  end  of  the  second thermal  cycle the  infectivity  titre  of  the  virus  was  also  in  good  level  i.e. 2⁷ and 10^8.50EID₅₀/ml respectively. At last the infectivity titre of the virus decreased to  2⁵ HA titreand 10^7.36EID₅₀/ml respectively in 10 minutes of thermal exposure at 56⁰C  and the HA titre and EID₅₀ value became undetectable from 15 minutes and onward till the end of the third thermal cycle.

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Title: Seroprevalence of Brucellosis in western Rajasthan

Authors: Sabir Ali, Gopal Krishana Bohra, Dinesh Kothari, Deepak Kumar, Twinkle Vyas

Brucellosis is the most common zoonotic disease in the world and also an important zoonotic problem in western India, which also accounts economic losses of about Rs 350 million per year and is endemic throughout the country¹. The exact magnitude of this problem is not known because of paucity of reports. The present study was conducted on 350 persons with risk factors for Brucellosis and 100 controls were screened with ELISA (Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) and SFA (Stained febrile antigen test) for seroprevalence and complete clinical history, and history of exposure to milk, meat and animals was elucidated. Significant results were observed in group with meat handlers and milkman and Veterinarian. In this study, it has been observed that 28 (28%) milkmen and veterinarians, 21(42%) meat handlers, 26(13%) cases of PUO (Pyrexia of unknown origin) and 4(4%) normal healthy control were positive for Brucella IgG antibody. Thus, Brucellosis needs to be considered as an important differential diagnosis in patients with PUO and awareness of risk groups is needed to take appropriate preventive measures and to accept control measures.

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Title: Influence of Acute Back Muscle Fatigue on Repositioning Accuracy of the Knee Joint In healthy subjects

Authors: Amira H. Draz , Azza M. Atya,  Ahmed M. Aboeleneen, Mohamed H. Elgendy

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Title: Use of bone turnover markers and minerals as indicators of low bone mineral density in premenopausal and postmenopausal women for early detection of osteoporosis

Authors: Vaishali Jain, B.K.Agrawal, Atul Varshney,S.S.Biswas

Morbidity and mortality associated with osteoporosis continues to be high in India primarily due to late diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference in the levels of the bone turnover markers, oestrogen, macrominerals and trace elements in premenopausal & postmenopausal women,in order to assess whether one or more of these markers can be used as indicators for early detection of osteoporosis which can develop in later life. 350 women between 30–65 years  were classified into normal, osteopenic and osteoporotic group based on bone mineral density (BMD) and their serum samples were analysed for oestrogen, osteocalcin, telopeptide-c, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, copper, iron and zinc levels. Both in premenopausal and postmenopausal groups the oestrogen, telopeptide-c, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and copper levels correlated well with the status of BMD and served as an early warning against development of future osteoporosis. While levels of iron and zinc showed significant alteration only with severe decline in BMD and were not suitable for early warning of future osteoporosis. It is important to monitor not just postmenopausal but even older premenopausal women for bone mineral density. However, instead of measuring  bone mineral density alone, oestrogen, telopeptide-c and minerals- calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and copper should also be estimated which can provide us with an early warning of the possibility of future development of osteoporosis. 

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Title: Relationship of Hypertension and Daily Consumption of Salt and Edible Oil In  Kashmiri Population

Authors: Dr. Shabir Dangroo,Dr. Sajad Hamid,Dr.Junaid Kousar,Dr. Shahnawaz HamidDr.Arsalaan F. Rashid

A community based cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out to assess the relationship of consumption of salt and edible oil  & hypertension  in kashmiri  population. The study was taken from Oct. 2012 to Sept. 2013 in District Pulwama.The sampling method used was multistage,10% villages from each block were taken for study using population proportion to size method ( PPS). From each selected village 5% households were taken by systemic random method for the study. Minimum sample required was calculated .We have taken a sample size of 2100, out of which 1007 participants were males and 1093 participants were females. In each household, inmates of age 18 years and above were screened for hypertension. Those found fulfilling the inclusion criteria laid down for hypertension (JNC-VII 2003) were subjected to pretested questionnaire and two blood pressure readings were taken. In results; The overall prevalence was 14.56%, 13.8% in males and 15.3% in females.4.84%, 8.5% and 6.8% females were in pre-hypertension, stage-I and stage-II hypertension respectively.Among males 4.76% in pre-hypertension, 6.5% in stage-I and 7.3% were with hypertension.Pre-hypertensives are consuming about 7.58gms(mean), stage-I 7.94gmsand stage-II 10.30gmsof salt per 24 hours(/day).Pre-hypertensive subjects were consuming 3.92 cups of salt tea, Stage-I hypertension on average 4.89 cups of salt tea and in stage-II were consuming 7.35 cups The mean edible oil consumption per day, per subject in the study was 35.04 grams for pre-hypertensives, 37.61 grams for stage-I hypertensives and 49.62 grams for stage-II  hypertensives.

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