References
1. Alberg G. Toxicological and local anaesthetic effects of optically active isomers of two local anaesthetic compounds.Acta Pharmacol Scand 1972;31:273-86.
2. Rutten AJ, Nancarrow C,Mather LE,Ilsely AH, Runciman WB,Upton RN. Haemodynamic and central nervous system effects of intravenous bolus doses of Lidocaine,Bupivacaine and Ropivacaine in sheep.Anesth Analg 1989;69:291-9.
3. Akerman B,Hellberg IB,Trossvik C.Primary evaluation of the local anaesthetic properties of the amino amide agent Ropivacaine (LEA 103).Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1988;32:571-8.
4. Feldman HS,Covino BG.Comparative motor blocking effects of Bupivacaine and Ropivacaine,a new amide local anaesthetic in rat and dog.Anesth Analg 1988;67: 1047-52.
5. Arthur GR,Feldman HS.Covino BG. Comparative pharmacokinetics of Ropivacaine and Bupivacaine,a new amide local anaesthetic. Anesth Analg 1988;67:1053-8.
6. Scott DB,Lee A,Fagan D,Bowler GMR,Bloomfield P,Lundh R.Acute toxicity of Ropivacaine compared with that of Bupivacaine.Anesth Analg 1989;69:563-9.
7. Katz JA, Bridenbaugh PO, Knarr DC, Helton SH,Denson DD. Pharmaco-dynamics and pharmacokinetics of epidural Ropivacaine in humans. Anesth Analg 1990;70: 16-21.
8. Concepcion M, Arthur GR, Steele SM, Bader AM, Covino BG. A new local anaesthetic,Ropivacaine. Its epidural effect in human. Anesth Analg 1990;70:80-5.
9. Whitehead E, Arrigoni B, Bannister J.An open study of Ropivacaine in extradural anaesthesia.Br J Anaesth 1990;64:67-71.
10. Halpern SH,Walsh V.Epidural Ropivacaine versus Bupivacaine for labor:A metanalysis.Anesth Analg 2003;96:1473-9,table of contents.
11. Senard M,Kaba A,Jacquemin MJ et al.Epidural Levobupivacaine 0.1% or Ropivacaine 0.1% combined with Morphine provides comparable analgesia after abdominal surgery.Anesth Analg 2004;98:389-94,table of contents.
12. Launo C,Gastaldo P,Piccardo F,Palermo S,Demartini A,Grattarola C. Perioperative thoracic epidural analgesia in aortic surgery: role of Levobupivacaine.Minerva Anaesthesiol.2003;69:751-60,760-4.
13. Purdie NL,Mcgardy EM.Comparison of patient controlled epidural bolus administration of 0.1% Ropivacaine and 0.1% Levobupivacaine,both with 0.0002% Fentanyl,for analgesia during labor. Anaesthesia.2004;59:133-7.
14. Hansen TG. Ropivacaine: A pharmacological review.Expert Rev Neurother 2004; 4:781-91.
15. Kindler CH,Paul M,Zou H,LiuC,Winegar BD,Gray AT,et al.Amide local anaesthetics potently inhibit the human tandem pore domain background K+ channel TASK-2 (KCNK5).J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2003;306: 84-92.
16. Schneider M,Ettlin T,Kaufmann M, et al:Transient neurologic toxicity after hyperbaric anaesthesia with 5% lidocaine.Anesth Analg 1993;76:1154-1157.
17. Hampl KF,Heinzmann-Wiedmer S, Luginbuehl I, et al.Transient neurologic symptoms after spinal anaesthesia :A lower incidence with Prilocaine and bupivacaine than with lidocaine. Anesthesiology 1998;88:629-633.
18. Freedman JM,Li DK, Drasner K,et al.Transient neurologic symptoms after spinal anesthesia:an epidemiologic study of 1,863 patients. Anesthesiology 1998;89:633-41.
19. Eberhart LH, Morin AM, Kranke P,et al. Transient neurologic symptoms after spinal anaesthesia.A quantitative systematic overview (meta-analysis) of randomized controlled studies. Anesthetist 2002;51:539-546.
20. Ganapathy S, Sandhu HB,Stockall CA, et al. Transient neurologic symptom (TNS) following intrathecal ropivacaine. Anesthesiology 2000;93:1537-1539.
21. Susan M Nimmo. Benefit and outcome after epidural analgesia. Continuing Education in Anaesthesia, critical care and pain 2004;4(2):44-7.
22. McClellan KJ, Faulds D. Ropivacaine: an update of its use in regional anaesthesia. Anesth Analg.2000 Nov;60(5):1065-93.
23. M.S. Brockway, J. Bannester, J.H. McClure et al- “comparison of extradural ropivacaine and bupivacaine.” British Journal of Anaesthesia,1991,Vol.66,No.1 31-37.
24. Griffin RP, Reynolds F: Extradural anaesthesia for caesarean section : a double-blind comparison of 0.5% ropivacaine with 0.5%bupivacaine.Br J Anaesth. 1995 May;74(5):512-6.
25. Crosby E, Sandler A, Finucane B, Writer D, Reid D,McKenna J, Friedlander M, Miller A, O’Callaghan-Enright S, Muir H, Shukla R. Comparison of epidural anaesthesia with ropivacaine 0.5% and bupivacaine 0.5% for caesarean section . Can J Anaesth.1998 Nov;45(11):1066-71.
26. Kampe, Sandra, et al.“Epidural block with ropivacaine and bupivacaine for elective caesarean section: maternal cardiovascular parameters, comfort and neonatal well-being.” Current Medical Research and Opinion® 20.1(2004):7-12.