Title: Thyriod Swelling--Evaluation by Ultrasonography with FNAC Correlations
Authors: Dr Krishna Kumar Borah, Dr Gorky Medhi, Dr Aditi Sarma
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i4.21
Abstract
Objective:(1) Study was done to evaluate sonomorphological characteristics of thyroid swelling.
(2) To correlate USG findings in various thyroid swelling with cytology/ HPE.
Materials: A hospital based cross sectional study of 80 patients were conducted over a period of 1 year from 1st Aug 2008 to 31st July 2009.
All the patients are subjected to gray scale USG of thyroid followed by color Doppler study. The examination were done by using 12 MHz linear Probe and 5MHz curvilinear probe.
Results: Out of 80 patients 32 (4%) were clinically thought to have solitary nodule. USG was confirmatory 20 (25%) cases. Multiple nodules were detected 12(15%) cases. USG consistency of the lesion- solid -60(80%), cystic- 8(10%), Mixed- 8-10%. USG echopatterns- hyperechoic- 46,(75%), hypoechoic- 24(30%) iso-echoic- 2(2.5%) cases. Margin of lesion- well defined- 72(90%), illdefined- 8(10%) cases. Doppler.. pattern- Peripherial flow- 36(45%) cases. Thyroid infernos- (PSV > 70cms/s) – 4 (5%) cases.
Conclusion: USG is fast, safe, cost effective imaging procedure for thyroid swelling. It can differentiate cystic and solid lesion. Multinodularity of the gland can be detected by using high resolution ultrasound. USG combined with FNAC is a reliable method for study of thyroid swelling.
Keyword : USG, Doppler, FNAC, Thyroid Swelling
References
1. Rodney J et al: Radiologic Clinics of North America; March 1985, Volume 23, 111-112.
2. Brown MC et al: Thyroid gland volume estimation by the use of ultrasound in addition to scintigraphy, Acta Radiol Onco. Biol, 1978, 17, 337-41.
3. Nirad Mehta et al: Sonographic appearance of solitary thyroid nodules, IJRA 1994; volume 4;207-211.
4. William Scheible et al: High resolution real time ultrasound of thyroid nodules- Radiology, Nov 79, 133:413-417.
5. James GM and Charbeneu et al: High frequency ultrasound sonography seminar, AJR 1985,6(3) 294-309.
6. Practical Head and Neck Ultrasound by Anil Ahuja and Rhodri Evans. Chinese university of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, China; Chapter 3;pg 37-55.
7. Simeone JF et al: Sonography in follow up of 100 patients with thyroid carcinoma AJR 1987; 148:45-49.
8. Shawker TH, Avila NA et al: Ultrasound evaluation of Primary hyperparathyroidism. Ultrasound Quart 2000;214:393-402.
9. Erdogan MF, Anil C et al: Color flow Doppler sonography for the etiologic diagnosis of hyperthyroidism. Thyroid 2007 Mar; 17(3);223-8.
10. Gershengorn M et al: FNAC in the preoperative diagnosis of the thyroid nodule, Ann Internal Med 1977-87, 265-269.
11. Walters DA et al: Role of ultrasound in the management of thyroid nodules, Am J Surgery 1992, 164(6):654-57.
12. Solbati S et al: Microcalcification- A clue in the diagnosis of the thyroid malignancies, Radiology 1990;177:140.
13. Jenny K. Hoang, MBBS, FRANZCR, Wai Kit Lee, MBBS, et al: US Features of Thyroid Malignancy: Pearls and Pitfalls, Aug 2006.
14. Rago T. Vitti P et al: Role of conventional ultrasonography and color Doppler sonography in predicting malignancy in cold thyroid nodules. Eur J endocrinology 1998, 138:41-46.
15. Lin JD et al: Ultrasonography and fine needle aspiration cytology of acute supportive thyroiditis, Change Kengi Hsch, 1993; June 16(2):93-98.
16. Walker J, Findlay D et al: A prospective study of thyroid ultrasound scan in the clinically solitary thyroid nodule. British Journal of Radiology 1985, 58(691): 617-619.
17. Taylor KJW, Carpenter DA et al: Gray scale ultrasonography in the diagnosis of thyroid swellings. Journal of Clinical Ultrasound 2005; 2(4): 327-330.