Title: Resistance Status of Malaria Vector An. sundaicus and An. subpictus to Insecticide and Detection of Genotype Resistance using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in Sungai Nyamuk Village, Sebatik Island, Nunukan District, North Kalimantan
Authors: Sugiarto, Upik Kesumawati Hadi, Susi Soviana, Lukman Hakim
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i10.22
Abstract
Malaria remains as one of the serious health problems given priority by the Ministry of Health (MoH) of Indonesia. Vector resistance to insecticides is one of the problems in malaria vector control program in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the status of vector resistance Anopheles spp. to insecticides that have not and were already used in malaria vector control programs. The research was conducted in Sungai Nyamuk village, Sebatik Island, Nunukan District, North Kalimantan from January to December 2011. The results showed that An. sundaicus still vulnerable to the pyrethroid class insecticides (Deltamethrin of 0.05% and Permethrin 0.75%), organophosphates (Fenitrotion 1%), organochlorin (DDT 4%) and Carbamat (Bendiocarb 0.1%). The results also showed that An. subpictus were still vulnerable to the pyrethroid class insecticides (Lambdacyhalothrin 0.05%). In genotyping, An. sundaicus mosquito indication amounted to 75.8% resistant to DDT 4%, 29.4% to Permethrin 0.75%, 10% to Bendiocarb 0.1%. Whilst the Deltamethrin 0.05% , Fenitrotion 1% and Lambdacyhalotrin 0.05% showed no indication has been resistant. Indications of vector resistance status is a step of early awareness and is one of the critical success factors of malaria vector control programs. Re-use of DDT should be considered further as there are indications of a fairly high-resistance gene.
Keywords- Susceptibility test, DDT, Permethrin, An. sundaicus, An. Subpictus.
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