Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a leading cause of functional decline in the elderly, significantly affecting their ability to perform Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). Symptoms such as fatigue, dyspnea, and muscle weakness contribute to reduced independence, making routine self-care and complex tasks like financial management, shopping, and transportation challenging. Comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease and cognitive impairments, further impact their functional capabilities.

Objective: This review examines the impact of COPD on ADLs and IADLs in elderly patients, highlights challenges associated with disease progression, and explores intervention strategies aimed at improving functional independence and quality of life.

Methodology: A literature review was conducted to analyze studies assessing the limitations imposed by COPD on daily activities. Research on pulmonary rehabilitation, physical therapy, assistive technologies, and psychological support was reviewed to evaluate their effectiveness in maintaining functional independence.

Results: COPD progression leads to increased physical dependency, with fatigue and dyspnea being major barriers to independence. Pulmonary rehabilitation and physical therapy improve endurance and strength, while assistive technologies and psychological interventions support daily functioning. Despite these benefits, gaps remain in long-term management strategies.

Conclusion: Comprehensive, patient-centered approaches are crucial for mitigating functional decline in elderly COPD patients. Future research should focus on personalized rehabilitation programs, digital health solutions, and multidisciplinary care models to enhance quality of life and independence.

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Dr. Shikhar Bajpai