Objective: This is a prospective observational study carried out in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hi-Tech Medical College & Hospital, Bhubaneswar, a tertiary care centre, with the aim to assess the accuracy of the methods employed for early detection of cervical neoplasms and to correlate the findings of cytology, colposcopy and histopathology carried out on women with unhealthy cervix.

Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients, who were sexually active, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The study was conducted over a two year period i.e. from September 2022 to June 2024 at Hi-Tech Medical College & Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha.

Results: The sensitivity and specificity of pap smear was 42.85% and 93.10% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of colposcopy was 61.90% and 96.55%. Colposcopy also had a higher accuracy (82%) than pap smear (72%). When combining cytology with colposcopy, the likelihood of detecting squamous intraepithelial lesions or malignancy in patients with cervical abnormalities significantly increases compared to using either procedure alone.

Conclusion: Cervical cytology is a valuable procedure for cervical screening, due to the ease of performing the test without much expertise. Colposcopy is an excellent tool for evaluating cervical lesions by pin-pointing the most suspicious area for a targeted biopsy which yields highly accurate results.

Keywords:  Cervical cytology, colposcopy, biopsy, CIN, cervical carcinoma.

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Dr Sini Venugopal

Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hi-Tech Medical College & Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India