Background: Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) increases by more than 100 fl. in macrocytosis, a condition in which erythrocytes are larger than normal. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the haematological characteristics in various aetiologies and to determine the underlying reasons of macrocytosis, which was found in regular hemograms. In addition to doing full blood counts, renal function tests, liver function tests, vitamin B12 assays, folate assays, and peripheral smear evaluations and few case were bone marrow examination.

Material and Methods: In this prospective observational study conducted over a period of one-year, medical records of 250 subjects were evaluated. Data was compiled of Megaloblastic, Non-megaloblastic Macrocytosis levels, along with clinical diagnosis and other biochemical parameters. Based on clinical evaluation and hematological and biochemeical evidence, patients were diagnosed as positive cases of Megaloblastic(166), Non-Megaloblastic (133).Among this two variable group Mean ±SD were also calculated .

Results: Compared to other age groups, male (83%) of 41-50 years (p <0.01) were significantly affected as compared to female (16.4%) in similar age group. Our results showed , Vitamin B12 and Folic acid  (156.47 ± 125.28, 3.24±4.61 respectively) for Megaloblastic and that for Non- megaloblatic was (400.24±66.35, 18.25±6.37 respectively).Categorical variables of Megaloblastic with Non-megaloblastic macrocytosis was tested using Independent samples t test, that showed a significant elevated (p≤0.01).among this Non megaloblastic macrocytes foused And analyzed the other parameters like Complete blood count, Peripheral smear and Biochemical parameters like RFT, LFT, were statistically distributed and calculated the Mean±SD .

Conclusion: Alcoholism, inadequate vitamin B12 intake, and drug use are the main causes of macrocytosis. Even if anaemia is not present, an elevated MCV needs to be examined because it can be the solitary sign of a pathological problem underneath.

Keywords: Macrocytosis: megaloblastic, Non-megaloblastic, Vitamin B12, Folic acid, LFT, RFT, Peripheral smear.

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Mamatha G

PhD-Research Scholar, Department of Biochemistry, Srinivas Institute of Allied Health Sciences, Mukka, Manglore-575025, Karnataka, India