Title: A Study to Measure Anti-Beta2 Glycoprotein1 Antibody Levels and to Assess their Association with the type of Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Dr Badrinath.A.K, Dr Banala Srilatha, Dr Sadiqa Nasreen, Dr Pravin Surendran
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v11i5.01
Abstract
Background: Beta2 glycoprotein phospholipid cofactor is a natural anticoagulant and may act as an associated factor for acute myocardial infarction. Beta2 glycoprotein1 antibody has procoagulant tendency either in presence or absence of antiphospholipid syndrome.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to measure anti-beta2glycoprotein1 IgA (AB2GP1 IgA) antibody levels and to assess the association it has with the type of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS).
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional research was conducted on individuals with ACS who were above the age of 18.
Results: Among 30 patients of Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 8 (26.7%) were NSTEMI, 12 (40%) were STEMI and 10 (33.3%) were Unstable Angina patients. More than half (53%) of all the 30 ACS patients had normal levels of AB2GP1 IgA antibody. More than half (58.3%) of the STEMI patients had high levels of AB2GP1 IgA antibody. About 25% of NSTEMI and 50% of unstable angina patients had high levels of AB2GP1 IgA antibody. Half of the male patients and 52.9% of those less than 50 years had high levels of AB2GP1 IgA antibody. Among co-morbidities and other risk factors 53.3% of T2DM and 38.5% of SHTN patients, 50% and 55.6% of those with alcohol consumption and smoking respectively were having high levels of AB2GP1 IgA antibody. But as the study was involving a small sample size none of these associations were found to be statistically significant (p>0.05).
Conclusion: IgA anti-beta2 glycoprotein 1 antibodies may be one of the possible markers for the onset and outcome of ACS, as it may be involved in the thrombotic events underlying ACS and could be an independent risk factor for MI in the general population. But further studies with a larger sample size and using probability sampling methodsare needed to determine its role and marker status in ACS.
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