Varicose veins are varicose veins that are swollen and twisted. This condition, which may affect any part of your body, is particularly frequent in the legs. It is not a major medical problem to have varicose veins. However, they may be bothersome and can lead to more severe issues if not addressed promptly enough. So individuals may feel ashamed or uncomfortable about them because of their prominence. As the veins' blood pressure increases, varicose veins are formed. Venous malformations called varicose veins may develop in the superficial layers of the skin (superficial).

Valves in the veins prevent the blood from flowing backward as it goes toward the heart. Vein thrombosis may occur if the valves in the heart are compromised. Veins expand as a result of this. A buildup of blood pressure in the veins of the legs from prolonged sitting or standing has been linked to a variety of health problems. As the blood pressure rises, the veins might become dilated. This may cause the veins to become weakened and the valves to get damaged. It's important to know that DVT is a very dangerous disease that occurs when blood clots form in deep veins. The majority of the time, this issue is not associated with varicose veins. As a result, varicosity of the skin-surface veins is a symptom of varicose veins. Severe varicose veins increase the risk of deep vein blood clots, although this is rare. When blood clots form, they should be treated as soon as possible by a physician. Blood clots may cause leg discomfort, edema, and redness. Blood clots may also occur in the arms or other regions of the body. In rare cases, the lung may get infected by a clot fragment that breaks off and travels to the heart (pulmonary embolism). This condition is very dangerous and may result in death. Symptoms include a rapid heartbeat, sweating, and fainting, as well as discomfort in the chest, difficulty breathing, and coughing (which might produce blood).

Keywords: Varicose Vein, Saphenous, Acupuncture, Vein, Paraesthesia, Revascularization.

1. Beaglehold, R., Salmond, C. E., & Prior, I. A. (1976a). Varicose veins in New Zealand: prevalence and severity. The New Zealand Medical Journal, 84(576), 396-399. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1087969/
2. Lees, T., Singh, S., Beard, J., Spencer, P., & Rigby, C. (1997a). Prospective audit of surgery for varicose veins. The British Journal of Surgery, 84(1), 44-46. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2168.1997.02475.x
3. Jones, L., Braithwaite, B. D., Selwyn, D., Cooke, S., & Earnshaw, J. J. (1996a). Neovascularisation is the principal cause of varicose vein recurrence: Results of a randomised trial of stripping the long saphenous vein. European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery: The Official Journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery, 12(4), 442-445. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1078-5884(96)80011-6
4. Munn, S. R., Morton, J. B., Macbeth, W. A., &Mcleish, A. R. (1981). To strip or not to strip the long saphenous vein? A varicose veins trial. The British Journal of Surgery, 68(6), 426-428. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800680621
5. Negus, D. (1993a). Recurrent varicose veins: a national problem. The British Journal of Surgery, 80(7), 823-824. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800800705
6. Rivlin, S. (1975a). The surgical cure of primary varicose veins. The British Journal of Surgery, 62(11), 913-917. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800621114
7. Jakobsen, B. H. (1979). The value of different forms of treatment for varicose veins. The British Journal of Surgery, 66(3), 182-184. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800660313
8. Sarin, S., Scurr, J. H., & Coleridge Smith, P. D. (1992). Assessment of stripping the long saphenous vein in the treatment of primary varicose veins. The British Journal of Surgery, 79(9), 889-893. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800790911
9. Royle, J. P. (1986a). Recurrent varicose veins. World Journal of Surgery, 10(6), 944-953. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01658645
10. Campbell, W. B. (1990). Varicose veins. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 300(6727), 763-764. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.300.6727.763-a
11. Bradbury, A. W., &Ruckley, C. V. (1995). Patterns of reflux in recurrent varicose veins assessed by duplex scanning. The British Journal of Surgery, 82(3), 424-425. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800820357
12. Sarin, S., Scurr, J. H., & Coleridge Smith, P. D. (1994). Stripping of the long saphenous vein in the treatment of primary varicose veins. The British Journal of Surgery, 81(10), 1455–1458. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800811017
13. Ernst, E., Lee, M. S., & Choi, T.-Y. (2011). Acupuncture: does it alleviate pain and are there serious risks? A review of reviews. Pain, 152(4), 755-764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2010.11.004
14. Lee, M. S., & Ernst, E. (2011a). Acupuncture for pain: an overview of Cochrane reviews. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, 17(3), 187-189. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-011-0665-7
15. Hutchinson, A. J. P., Ball, S., Andrews, J. C. H., & Jones, G. G. (2012a). The effectiveness of acupuncture in treating chronic non-specific low back pain: a systematic review of the literature. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 7(1), 36. https://doi.org/10.1186/1749-799X-7-36
16. Glass, G. M. (1987a). Neovascularization in recurrence of the varicose great saphenous vein following transection. Phlebology, 2(2), 81-91. https://doi.org/10.1177/026835558700200205
17. Darke, S. G. (1992). The morphology of recurrent varicose veins. European Journal of Vascular Surgery, 6(5), 512-517. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0950-821x(05)80626-7
18. Stonebridge, P. A., Chalmers, N., Beggs, I., Bradbury, A. W., &Ruckley, C. V. (1995a). Recurrent varicose veins: a varicographic analysis leading to a new practical classification. The British Journal of Surgery, 82(1), 60-62. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800820121.

Dr SM. Shahidul Islam

PhD fellow in pain management, specially trained in Acupuncture, Suoxi Health Care Limited, Shaan Tower, Chamelibagh, Santinagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh