Introduction: Stem cells have always been a fascinating area in research as they are the building blocks of human body. They have properties like self renewal, proliferation and multi- lineage differentiation. These indispensable properties have always brought a keen interest of researchers all around the world to use them for many diseases. There has always been search for newer and more reliable source to harvest stem cells from various parts of human body.

Aim: To study the growth pattern, visual analysis and quantification of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from dental pulp.

Materials and Methods: A descriptive type of observational study was done at SMS Medical College, Jaipur. The healthy tooth dental pulp extracted under all aseptic precautions and immediate culture of the pulp tissue done in stem cell laboratory. The culture cells were then evaluated to establish their mesenchymal nature by using immunocytochemistry technique.

Results:  Total of 10 healthy teeth were extracted and cultured in laboratory and yielded a mean cell count as 1.33X10³ cells per D60 culture dish. The mean and median cell viability of the culture dishes came out to be 95%. The mean expression of CD73 in the study subjects was calculated as 94.50% , mean of expression of CD105 was calculated as 94.30%. CD271 was expressed in 42.20% of cells on an average. 

Conclusion: From our study we concluded that dental pulp is a significant source of stem cells with a mean viability 95%.These cells expressed a high percentage of mesenchymal markers like CD73 and CD105 establishing their mesenchymal nature.

Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells, Dental pulp stem cells , Tissue culture.

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Yadav Deepti

Resident, Department of Pathology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India