Title: Comparison of Extra cranial Carotid Duplex Doppler in Anterior Circulation Stroke and Non-Stroke Patients
Authors: Murali, Vinod, Jagadeep
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v8i3.72
Abstract
Background: Cerebrovascular disease is a life threatening and debilitating neurological disease with significant morbidity
Aims & Objectives: To compare the common carotid artery intima media thickness in patients with anterior circulation stroke with non-stroke patients.
Materials and Methods: All patients with CT/ MRI proven anterior circulation stroke and who full fill inclusion criteria.
Non stroke patients who come for USG neck will be taken as the comparison group.
Results: CAIMT is a reliable independent marker for the early detection of atherosclerosis. Plaque characteristics determined the incidence of infarcts in case group rather than degree of stenosis in the internal carotid arteries. Prevalence of severe stenosis (>70%) was low while the prevalence of mild stenosis (< 50%) in the case group was statistically high. Stenosis was more profound in terms of frequency and severity in men at all ages than women.
Conclusion: Carotid Doppler is a cost effective, non- invasive technique to assess the carotids without radiation hazard but operator dependent. Easy availability with hemodynamic, anatomic information and directional blood flow helps in improved accuracy in quantifying stenosis.
References
- Smith WS, English JD, Johnston SC. Cerebrovascular Diseases. In: Longo DL,Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J(eds). Harrisons’s Principles of Internal Medicine (18th edn.) McGraw-Hill 2012;3271-78.
- Rumack CM, Wilson SR, Charboneau JW, Levine D. The extracranial cerebral vessels In: Diagnostic Ultrasound (4th ed.) Elsevier-Mosby 2010; 948-49.
- Donnan GA, Fisher M, Macleod M, Davis SM. Stroke. Lancet.2008;371(9624):1612-23.
- Touboul PJ, Labreuche J, Vicaut E, Amarenco P. Genic Investigators. Carotid intima-media thickness, plaques, and Framingham risk score as independent determinants of stroke risk. Stroke. 2005;36:1741-45.
- Polak JF, O’Leary DH. Intima-media thickness: a tool for atherosclerosis imaging and event prediction. The American Journal of Cardiology. 2002;14:244-69.
- Sitzer M, Müller W, Siebler M, Hort W. Plaque ulceration and lumen thrombus are the main sources of cerebral microemboli in high-grade internal carotid artery stenosis. Am Heart Assoc. 1995;8:456-61.
- Fernandes M, Keerthiraj B, Mahale AR, Kumar A, Dudekula A. Evaluation of carotid arteries in stroke patients using colour Doppler sonography: A prospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in South India. Int J Appl Basic Med Res. 2016;6(1):38–44.