Background: The present study was done to detect Extended spectrum beta lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Introduction: Extended spectrum of beta lactamase (ESBL) producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, frequently resistant to many of the antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial resistance is associated with high morbidity, mortality, increased length of hospitalization and cost of health care.

Materials and Methods: A total 63 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were isolated from various clinical specimens. Out of total 63 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, total 31 ESBL Positive Klebsiella pneumoniae founded. ESBL production confirmed by double disc synergy test (DDST) and by phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test (PCDDT).

Results: Out of total 63 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, total 31(49.20%) ESBL Positive Klebsiella pneumoniae founded. Highest prevalence of ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was observed in case of Pus 80.0%, followed by ET 58.3%, Wound Swab & Swab 50% each, Sputum 45.4 %, Blood 42.8%, and urine 37.5%. A total 31 ESBL Positive Klebsiella pneumoniae found in which 22 in Male and 09 in Female.

Conclusion: This study demonstrate that production of ESBL in Klebsiella pneumoniae is directly linked to its high antimicrobial resistance especially resistance towards aminoglycosides and cephalosporins. It is necessary to follow proper strategies to detect and prevent the emergence of resistance for appropriate and effective treatment of infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae, ESBL, Sensitivity, Resistance.

1. Cantón R, Novais A, Valverde A, Machado E, Peixe L, Baquero F, et al. Prevalence and spread of extended-spectrum betalactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae in Europe. Clin Microbiol Infect 2008;14 (Suppl 1):144-53.
2. Ananthakrishan AN, Kanungo R, Kumar A, Badrinath S. Detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producers among surgical wound infections and burn patients in JIPMER. Indian J Med Microbiol 2000;18:160-165
3. Aibinu IE, Ohaegbulam VC, Adenipekun EA, Ogunsola FT, Odugbemi TO, Mee BJ. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase enzymes in clinical isolates of Enterobacter species from Lagos, Nigeria. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:2197-200.
4. Bradford PA. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in the 21st century: Characterization, epidemiology, and detection of this important resistance threat. Clinical Microbiology Rev 2001;14:933-51.
5. Cantón R, Novais A, Valverde A, Machado E, Peixe L, Baquero F, et Prevalence and spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamaseproducing Enterobacteriaceae in Europe. Clin Microbiol Infect 2008;14 (Suppl 1):144-53.
6. Haque S. Associate professor, Department of medicine, J.N. Medical College, AMU, ALIGARH(2011). Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) mediated resistance in urinary tract infections changing profile at a teaching hospital of north India, International Journal of Current Biological and Medical Sciences ,2011; 1(3):103-107.
7. Collee, J.G., Miles, R.S. and Watt, B. (1996) Tests for the Identification of Bacteria. In: Collee, J.G., Marmion, B.P., Fraser, A.G. and Simmons, A., Eds., Mackie & McCartney Practical Medical Microbiology, 14th Edition, Churchill Livingstone, New York, 131-151.
8. Clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI) 2018. Performance standards for antimicrobial Susceptibility testing, 28^th Ed Wayne, USA.
9. Jarlier, M. H. Nicolas, G. Fournier, and A. Philippon, “Extended broad-spectrum beta-lactamases conferring transferable resistance to newer beta-lactam agents in Enterobacteriaceae: hospital prevalence and susceptibility patterns,” Reviews of Infectious Diseases, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 867–878, 1988.
10. Sourav Chakraborty, Kaniz Mohsina, Palash Kumar Sarker, Md Zahangir Alam, M Ismail Abdul Karim, S M Abu Sayem, Prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility profiles and ESBL production in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca among hospitalized patients, Periodicum Biologorum UDC 57:61 Vol. 118, No 1, 53–58,
11. Priyadarshini M. Deodurg, Rajive Kumar Sureka, Ravi Mala, Prevalence and antibiogram of extended spectrum β- lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a tertiary care hospital, Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research 2014; 3 (2): 155-159.
12. K, Nithyalakshmi.J, Mohanakrishnan. K, Sumathi.G Prevalence of ESBL Producing Klebsiella Species and Their in-Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern in A Tertiary Care Hospital. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) 2016 Volume 15, Issue 11 Ver. VIII , PP 05-10.
13. Shristi Raut, Shishir Gokhale, Bipin Adhikari, Prevalence of Extended Spectrum Beta- Lactamases among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp isolates in Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal, Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases / 2015; 5 (2): 69-75.
14. Khalid Abdalla Ali Abdel Rahim , Ahmed Mohamed Ali Mohamed, Prevalence of Extended Spectrum β-lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Clinical Isolates, Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2014 November; 7(11):
15. Sourav Chakraborty, Kaniz Mohsina, Palash Kumar Sarker, Md Zahangir Alam, M Ismail Abdul Karim, S M Abu Sayem, Prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility profiles and ESBL production in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca among hospitalized patients, Periodicum Biologorum UDC 57:61 Vol. 118, No 1, 53–58,
16. Faari B U, Akanbi A A, Fa deyi A, Wahab K W, Nwabuisi C. Prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella species at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital.J Med Investig Pract 2015;10:20-23.

Dr Prasanna Gupta        

Professor & Head, Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Medical Sciences & Research NIMS University Jaipur, 303121 (Rajasthan), India