Title: A Clinical Study of Ectopic Pregnancy Cases
Author: Dr Rinky Agrawal
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i5.155
Abstract
Background: Any pregnancy outside uterine cavity is ectopic may be tube (95%), ovaries, abdominal Cavity, cervix etc. it’s a high risk condition incidence 0.5 – 2 % of reported pregnancy. Ruptured ectopic pregnancy causes 10%-15% of all maternal death.
Objective: To analyse the cases of ectopic pregnancy for its risk factors, diagnosis, management and outcome.
Materials and Methods: This study is a cross sectional retrospective study. In study included 50 patients of ectopic pregnancy attended our out patients department or admitted in in patients department. In all the cases details for risk factors, clinical sign & symptoms, intervention followed by outcome of the treatment was collected analysed and tabulated.
Result: Out of all diagnosed ectopic pregnancy cases in our hospital 65% patients are of age group 20-30 years,37.5% cases were primigravidae rest multigravidae, all of them came with complain of pain abdomen, 47.5% having bleeding per vagina, 65% having amenorrhea of 4-8 weeks,5% having history of previous ectopic pregnancy, 7.5% bilateral tubal ligation done, 2.5% with previous cessarian section,5% with previous suction evacuation done. Out of all the cases 5% came with low condition. 90% had UPT positive, 27.5% were severe Anaemic. 92.5% were managed surgically.
Conclusion: Early diagnosis and management is crucial in Ectopic pregnancy cases. Many presents with classical presentation but few may present ectopically. Proper management should be there which can save a mother’s life.
References
- SA Mehmood, JA Thoma, Primary ectopic ovarian pregnancy (report of three cases), Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Year: 1985, Volume: 31, Page: 219-22.
- Berek, Jonathan S., Early Pregnancy Loss and Ectopic Pregnancy, Berek & Novak's Gynecology, 14th Edition, P 267-269.
- Sajida Parveen, Ectopic Pregnancies Diagnosis and Managementwith Limited Resources, Journal of Surgery Pakistan (International) 16 (1) January - March 2011.
- Ectopic pregnancy, Williams obstetrics23rd edition P258-271.
- Tenore JL. Ectopic pregnancy. Am Fam Physician 2000; 61:1080-8.
- Tay JI, Moore J, Walker JJ. Clinical review: Ectopic pregnancy [published correction appears in BMJ 2000;321:424]. BMJ 2000; 320:916-9.
- Brenner P. F., Roy S. & Mishell D. R. (1980). Ectopic pregnancy: a study of 300 consecutive surgically treated cases. Journal of the American Medical Association 243, 673-6.
- Shaw JL, Wills GS, Lee KF, et al. Chlamydia trachomatis infection increases fallopian tubePROKR2 via TLR2 and NF?B activation resulting in a microenvironment predisposed to ectopicpregnancy. Am J Pathol. 2011; 178:253–260. [PubMed: 21224062].
- Shaw JL, Oliver E, Lee KF, et al. Cotinine exposure increases Fallopian tube PROKR1 expressionvia nicotinic AChRalpha-7: a potential mechanism explaining the link between smoking and tubalectopic pregnancy. Am J Pathol. 2010; 177:2509–2515. [PubMed: 20864676]
- Farquhar CM. Ectopic pregnancy. Lancet. 2005; 366:583–591. [PubMed: 16099295]
- L. Tenore, M.D., S.M. NorthwesternUniversity Medical School, Chicago, Illinois.Published by American Academy of Family Physicians Februry 15th 2000.