Title: An Investigation into Anti-Dyslipidemic Activity of Isovaleric Acidin Wistar Rats Fed Fructose-Rich High Fat Diet
Authors: Kislay Awasthi, R.C. Gupta, Abbas Ali Mahdi
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i5.20
Abstract
Introduction: Correction of dyslipidemiais important for prevention of atherosclerotic diseases. Limitations of the currently available anti-dyslipidemic drugs prompted us to investigate the anti-dyslipidemic activity of isovaleric acid isolated from Valeriana wallichi.
Methods: The study was conducted on 24 healthy male adult Wistarrats (200-225 gm) divided into four groups of six each. Group I was kept on normal diet (Hindustan Lever Food Pellets). Group II was fedfructose-rich high fat diet (F-HFD). Group III was given F-HFD+isovaleric acid (25 mg/kg of body weight/day), and group IV was given F-HFD+ atorvastatin (10 mg/kg body weight/day). After 30 days, plasma lipids and lipoproteins were measured in all the rats.
Results: Feeding F-HFD resulted in significant dyslipidemia. Isovaleric acid and atorvastatin were equally effective in preventing the F-HFD-induced dyslipidemia.
Conclusions: Further studies are warranted to realize the anti-dyslipidemic potential of isovaleric acid in animals and humans.
Keywords: Dyslipidemia; isovaleric acid; atorvastatin.
References
- Panel ED, Grundy SM. An International Atherosclerosis Society Position Paper: global recommendations for the management of dyslipidemia. Journal of Clinical Lipidology. 2013 Nov 1;7(6):561-
- ACCORD Study Group. (2010) "Effects of intensive blood-pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus." The New England Journal of Medicine362(17), 1575.
- Williams RR, Hunt SC, Hopkins PN, Wu LL, Hasstedt SJ, Berry TD, Barlow GK, Stults BM, Schumacher MC, Ludwig EH, Elbein SC. Genetic basis of familial dyslipidemia and hypertension: 15-year results from Utah. American Journal of Hypertension. 1993 Nov 1;6(11_Pt_2):319S-27S.
- Lalonde L, O'connor A, Joseph L, Grover SA. Health-related quality of life in cardiac patients with dyslipidemia and hypertension. Quality of life research. 2004 May 1;13(4):793-804.
- Hosseinkhani A, Asadi N, Pasalar M, Zarshenas MM. Traditional Persian Medicine and management of metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine. 2018 Jan 1;8(1):17-23.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-Methylbutanoic_acid#cite_note-1
- Eadie MJ. Could valerian have been the first anticonvulsant?.Epilepsia. 2004 Nov;45(11):1338-43.
- Deeg R, Ziegenhorn J. Kinetic enzymic method for automated determination of total cholesterol in serum. Clin Chem. 1983;29(10):1798-1802.
- Bucolo G, David H. Quantitative determination of serum triglycerides by the use of enzymes. Clin Chem. 1973;19 (5):476-482.
- Burnstein M, Scholnic HR, Morfin R.J. Rapid method for the isolation of lipoproteins from human serum by precipitation with polyanions.J Lipid Res. 1970 Nov;11(6):583-95.
- Okada M, Matsui H, Ito Y, Fujiwara A, Inano K. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol can be chemically measured a new superior method. J Lab Clin. Med. 1998; 132(3):195-201.
- Hirano T, Ito Y, Saegusa H, Yoshino G. A novel and simple method for quantification of small, dense LDL. J Lipid Res. 2003; 44(11):2193-2201.
- Knopfholz J,Disserol CC, Pierin AJ, Schirr FL, Streisky L, Takito LL, Massucheto Ledesma P, Faria-Neto JR, Olandoski M, da Cunha CL, Bandeira AM. Validation of the Friedewald formula in patients with metabolic syndrome. Cholesterol. 2014;2014.
- Monsinger F. Photometric adaptation of dole’s microdetermination of free fatty acids. Journal of Lipid Research. 1965;22(8):1206-13.
- Chan KM, Delfert D, Junger KD. A direct colorimetric assay for Ca2+-stimulated ATPase activity. Analytical Biochemistry. 1986 Sep 1;157(2):375-80.
- Albers JJ, Chen CH, Adolphson JL. Lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) mass; its relationship to LCAT activity and cholesterol esterification rate. Journal of Lipid Research. 1981 Nov 1;22(8):1206-13.
- Wing DR, Robinson DS. Clearing-factor lipase in adipose tissue. A possible role of adenosine 3′, 5′-(cyclic)-monophosphate in the regulation of its activity. Biochemical Journal. 1968 Oct 1;109(5):841-9.
- Saeedi R, Li M, Frohlich J. A review on lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency. Clinical Biochemistry. 2015 May 1;48(7-8):472-5.
- Dobiášová M. Atherogenic impact of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase and its relation to cholesterol esterification rate in HDL (FER (HDL)) and AIP [log (TG/HDL-C)] biomarkers: the butterfly effect. Physiol Res. 2017 May 4;66(2):193-203.
- Gerl MJ, Vaz WL, Domingues N, Klose C, Surma MA, Sampaio JL, Almeida MS, Rodrigues G, Araújo-Gonçalves P, Ferreira J, Borbinha C. Cholesterol is Inefficiently Converted to Cholesteryl Esters in the Blood of Cardiovascular Disease Patients. Scientific Reports. 2018 Oct 3;8(1):14764.