Title: A comparative study of hepatic dysfunction and platelet count abnormalities in aedes vector-borne viral fever in outbreak season of mosquito bites
Authors: Dr Jyoti Shukla, Dr Pankaj Sharma, Dr Vivek Jain, Dr Dharamveer Sharma, Dr Sumita Sharma
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i2.105
Abstract
Background: Emerging viral infections have become a serious problem in recent years. Emergence or reemergence of severe arboviral fevers caused by mosquito borne viruses, such as Dengue virus and Chikungunya (CHIK) virus, have been frequently reported in the Indian subcontinent in the past few years. From the clinical perspective, these infections have similar clinical manifestations and are difficult to distinguish from one another.
Objective: To compare the laboratory features of confirmed cases of Chikungunya and Dengue fever.
Study Design: A Laboratory-based retrospective study was conducted on confirmed cases of Chikungunya and Dengue fever, who were visited in Medicine and Orthopaedics Department of SGRRIM&HS for a period of 5 month from July17 to Oct17. A total number of 50patients (26Female+24Male).Range of age group was 4 to 80 years. Exclusion criteria was co-infective cases.
Methods: Data has been compared between 25(8Male+17Female) Chikungunya (RT-PCR positive) patients group and 25 (16Male+9Female) dengue (NS1antigen positive) patients group for platelet count, Liver Function Test (SGOT and SGPT) and Renal Function Test (urea & creatinine) was compiled and studied.
Results: Females were found to be more affected in Chikungunya, while in Dengue Fever males were more affected. Chikungunya patients had significantly higher platelet count (193.5X10⁹/L±84.25X10⁹/L) than Dengue Fever (101.79X10⁹/L ± 42.51X10⁹/L). Transaminases were found to be higher in Dengue Fever (SGOT 158.25U/l ±77.14U/L, SGPT 89.87U/L±32.5U/L) than Chikungunya (SGOT 45.37U/L±18.82U/L, SGPT 42.63U/L±18.22U/L).
Discussion: Most apparent differences at laboratory presentation are thrombocytopenia and elevated transaminases levels in DF. Single platelet count is not discriminating parameter between Chikungnya and Dengue Fever. Elevated transaminases are more in Dengue Fever indicating dengue related hepatic involvement.
Conclusion: Dengue and Chikungunya infections continue to co-exist in many tropical countries. Our study has shown that it is possible for clinician to use simple laboratory tests to predict these infections for appropriate management even substantial overlap in clinical presentation.
Keywords: Dengue, Chikungunya, arbovirus, thrombocytopenia, transaminases, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT).
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