Title: Study of cervical smears by conventional method using Bethesda System 2014 for reporting: a study of 620 cases
Authors: Dr Meena Mittal, Prof. Dr C. V. Kulkarni, Dr Khushboo Likhar
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i2.57
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the abnormal cytological entities detected by cervical Pap smear, to classify the cytological findings according to the recently recommended Bethesda system and to discuss the significance of Pap smears screening programs.
Materials and Methods: The present study was done over a period of one year from January 2015 to December 2015, in the Department of Pathology, M. Y. Hospital, Indore. During this period, a total of 620 pap smears obtained from females were examined. Slides were reported according to The 2014 Bethesda System.
Results: In the present study, 620 pap smears were analyzed, out of which normal smears 141 (22.74%), Bengin cellular changes 435 cases (70.16%) and epithelial cell abnormality 13 cases (2.10%) are appreciated.
Conclusion: Pap smear is a highly effective screening method for screening cervical lesions. The 2014 Bethesda system has helped to accurately classify the cervical lesions making the screening of cervical cancer more precise. Pap smear is simple, less expensive diagnostics tool suitable for implementation in India.
Keywords: Cervical cancer, Pap smear, Bethesda system.
References
- WHO/ICO Information Centre on HPV and Cervical Cancer. Available from: http://www.who.int/hpv centre. [last cited on 2009 May 5].
- Tristen C, Bergstrom S. Cancer in developing countries: A threat to reproductive health. Lakartidningen 1996;93:3374-6.
- Juneja A, Sehgal A, Sharma S, Pandey A. Cervical cancer screening in India: Strategies revisited. Indian J Med Sci 2007;61:34-47.
- Wright TC Jr, Cox J T, Massad LS, Carlson J, Twiggs LB, Wilkinson EJ, et al. 2001 Consensus Guidelines for the Management of Women with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia. J Low Genit Tract Dis 2003;7:154-67.
- Koss LG. The papanicolaou test for cervical cancer detection: a triumph and a tragedy. JAMA 1989;261:737-43.
- Solomon D, Davey D, Kurman R, et al. The 2001 Bethesda System: terminology for reporting results of cervical cytology. JAMA. 2002;287:2114-2119.
- Papanicolaou GN, Traut HF. The diagnostic value of vaginal smears in carcinoma of the uterus. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1941;42:193-206.
- http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/@epidemiolo gysurveilance/documents/ document/acspc-027766.pdf accessed on September 18, 2013.
- Solomon D, Davey D, Kurman R, Moriarty A, O’Connor D, Prey M, et al. Forum Group Members, Bethesda 2001 Workshop. The 2001 Bethesda system: terminology for reporting results of cervical cytology. JAMA. 2002;287:2114-9.
- Mulay K, Swain M, Patra S, Gowrishankar S. A comparative study of cervical smears in an urban Hospital in India and a population-based screening program in Mauritius. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2009;52:34-7.
- Thamboo TP, Salto-Tellez M, Tan KB, Nilsson B, Rajwanshi A. Cervical cytology: an audit in a Singapore teaching hospital. Singapore Med J. 2003;44(5):256-60.
- Kavatkar AN, Nagwanshi CA, Dabak SM. Study of a manual method of liquid-based cervical cytology. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2008;51:190-4.
- Vassilakos P, Saurel J, Rondez R. Direct-to-vial use of the AutoCyte PREP liquid-based preparation for cervical-vaginal specimens in three European laboratories. Acta Cytol. 1998;43(1):65-8.
- Mattosinho de Castro FMG, Dall’ Agnol M, di Loreto C, Pirani WM, Utagawa ML, Pereira SM, et al. One hundred percent rapid rescreening for quality assurance in a quality control program in a public health cytologic laboratory. Acta Cytol. 2005;49(6):639-43.
- Elhakeem HA, AI-Ghamdi AS, AI-Maghrabi JA. Cytopathological pattern of cervical Pap smear according to the Bethesda system in South-Western Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J. 2005;26(4):588-92.
- Patel M.M., Pandya A.N., Modi J. — Cervical pap smear study and its utility in cancer screening, to specify the strategy for cervical cancer control. National Journal of Community Medicine; vol 2, issue1, 2011.
- Ghaith J.E., Rizwana B.S.— Rate of Opportunistic Pap smear Screening and Patterns of Epithelial Cell Abnormalities in Pap Smears in Ajman, United Arab Emirates. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J; 12(4): 473–478, 2012.
- Khan MS, Raja FY, Ishfaq G, Tahir F, Subhan F,Kazi BM et al. Pap smear Screening for Precancerous conditions of the cervical cancers. Pak J. Med. Res. 2005;44(3):111-3.
- Edelman M, Fox A. Cervical Papanicolau smear abnormalities in inner Bronx adolescents: Prevalence, progression, and immune modifiers. Cancer (cancer cytopathology). 1999;87:184-9.
- Sunita A. Bamanikar, Dadaso S. Baravkar, Shirish S. Chandanwale, Prachet Dapkekar, Study of Cervical Pap Smears in a Tertiary Hospital, Indian Medical Gazette — JULY 2014
- Hemali J. Tailor, Patel R.D., Prashant R. Patel*, Vasudha M. Bhagat. Study of cervical pap smears in a tertiary care hospital of south Gujarat, India Tailor HJ et al. Int J Res Med Sci. 2016 Jan;4(1):286-288.