Title: Comprehend Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and its major Risk Factors: Results of a Health Survey in an Indian city
Author: Dr MD. Farid Alam Ansari
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i2.05
Abstract
Aim: Objective of this study was to assess comprehend risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a community sample in Patna city of India.
Material: 200 subjects who were over the age of 21 who was willing to complete the survey and was fluent enough in English or Hindi (local language), involved at three different general medicine clinic situated at different part of Patna city. Considering varied levels of health literacy among subjects personal interview was conducted using by a predesigned questionnaire which consists of family history, quality of life, perceived risk, physician diagnosis, demographic information and perceived efficacy in the management of their health conditions. Likert-style scale or were yes/no was used for the answer of the predesigned questionnaire. 6 minutes was the estimated time to complete the questionnaire.
Result: Hypertension was diagnosed in 68 (34%) subjects, whereas 30 (15%) subjects were having type 2 diabetes and 8 (4%) were identified who had a kidney disease. Most of the subjects were feeling uncontrolled of their respective diseases. A family history of both type 2 diabetes (chi2=14.8, p<.001) and hypertension (chi2=13.3, p<.001) were considered themselves in high risk compared to those who doesn’t had a family history of such event. Diabetes was diagnosed among 10% of those and only 7% of those diagnosed with hypertension, both leading risk factors for kidney disease, risk factors for kidney disease was considered to be in both
Conclusion: It was found that awareness about CKD and its risk factors was extremely low among local population. Initiating awareness and education programme asymptomatic nature of CKD in its initial stages should be of prime impotence with regular renal care counselling. Lifestyle modifications and education to prevent or slow the progression of CKD should provide to individuals having high risk.
References
- Levey AS, Atkins R, Coresh J, Cohen EP, Collins AJ, Eckardt KU, et al. Chronic kidney disease as a global public health problem: approaches and initiatives - a position statement from Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes. Kidney Int 2007; 72: 247–59. doi: 10.1038/sj.ki.5002343
- Tonelli M, Wiebe N, Culleton B, House A, Rabbat C, Fok M, et al. Chronic kidney disease and mortality risk: a systematic review. J Am SocNephrol 2006; 17: 2034–47.
- Levey AS, Astor BC, Stevens LA, Coresh J. Chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and hypertension: what’s in a name? Kidney Int 2010; 78: 19–22. doi: 10.1038/ki.2010.115
- Levey AS, Coresh J. Chronic kidney disease. Lancet 2012; 379: 165–80. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60178-5
- Plantinga LC, Tuot DS, Powe NR. Awareness of chronic kidney disease among patients and providers. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2010; 17: 225–36. doi: 10.1053/j.ackd.2010.03.002
- Plantinga LC, Tuot DS, Powe NR (2010) Awareness of chronic kidney disease among patients and providers. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 17: 225-236.
- Cukor D, Cohen SD, Peterson RA, Kimmel PL (2007) Psychosocial aspects of chronic disease: ESRD as a paradigmatic illness. J Am SocNephrol 18: 3042-3055.
- Warren N, Canaway R, Unantenne N, Manderson L (2012) Taking control: Complementary and alternative medicine in diabetes and cardiovascular disease management. Health (London) 17: 323-339.
- Gonzalez JS, Shreck E, Psaros C, Safren SA (2015) Distress and type 2 diabetes-treatment adherence: A mediating role for perceived control. Health Psychol 34: 505-513.