Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common endocrine disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, metabolic abnormalities and long term complications afflicting the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and blood vessels.Type-2 Diabetes mellitus (Type-2 DM) is now epidemic in many countries undergoing modernization and industrialization. Diabetes is becoming the third killer of mankind, after cancer and cardiovascular diseases, because of its high prevalence, morbidity and mortality. 

Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the biochemical parameters in Type-2 Diabetes mellitus patients and normal healthy individuals (Control Group).

Material and Methods

Method: We studied 40 patients with type 2 diabetes and other 40 age- and sex-matched health control. To evaluate the oxidative status we measured the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum of all participants. Lipid profile was also estimated through measuring total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels. Antioxidant levels were also assessed through measuring the serum concentration of uric acid, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione (GSH).

Results: The mean values of BSL (F), BSL (PP), TC, TG, and LDL were significantly increased (P<0.001) in patients as compared to control. Whereas the mean value of HDL was significantly decreased in patients as compared to control. The Mean value of Malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly increased(P<0.001)  in patients as compared to control The Mean values of SOD, Vitamin C, E were significantly decreased in patients as compared to control.

Conclusion: The findings of this study is in accordance to earlier studies, that there is an increased oxidative stress in diabetics compared to controls; and the oxidative stress further increases as diabetes to cardiovascular diseases. This study emphasizes the importance of assessing the antioxidant status in diabetes in addition to the markers of oxidative stress and lipid profile to formulate the specific therapies for early therapeutic intervention and better treatment of diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, MDA, Vitamin E, Lipid Profile.

Keywords: Type-2 Diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, Insulin resistance, lipid profile, superoxide dismutase, oxidative stress, malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species.

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Rajiv Kumar

Associate Professor, Dept of Pathology, Lord Buddha Koshi Medical College and Hospital, Saharsa, Bihar