Background: Prostatic lesions are important health problem among Indian men. Currently Prostate specific antigen (PSA) test is used widely in the diagnosis of prostatic lesions

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence and distribution of prostatic lesions in kanchipuram and the diagnostic use of PSA levels in screening malignant lesions of prostate.

Material & Methods: Prospective study of 60 cases including both benign and malignant lesions of prostate are taken as study sample, received in the department of pathology at Meenakshi medical college, Kanchipuram from January to December 2017. Sections are H&E stained and studied under microscope. PSA values are collected for all the 60 cases.

Results: Out of 60 cases, 20 are benign prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), 25 are BPH with prostatitis, 7 are prostatic intra-epithelial neoplasia and 8 are prostatic adenocarcinoma. PSA values are classified as : 0-4 ng/dl as normal , 4.1-10 ng/dl  mild, 10.1- 20 ng/dl moderate  and >20 ng/dl severe .There is mild PSA value elevation in 40% cases, moderate elevation in 8.9% cases and severe elevation in 2.2% cases of non-neoplastic prostatic lesions. Similarly there is mild elevation of PSA value in 6.7% cases, moderate elevation in 6.7% cases and severe elevation in 60% cases in neoplastic lesions of prostate. Elevated PSA value is significantly associated with the malignant lesions with p value < 0.0001.

Conclusion: Prostatic lesions are more common seen in the elderly. BPH are more common than prostatic carcinoma. Prostate specific antigen level is raised in both the neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of prostate. But the values are significantly raised in the neoplastic lesions prostatic carcinoma. Hence the estimation of PSA level in serum can be used as a diagnostic tool for screening malignant lesions of prostate.

Keywords: Prostatic lesions, PSA, screening tool

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Dr P. Aruthra

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