Introduction: The aim of the study was to compare complication of cholecystectomy i.e. open cholecystectomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy according to Toronto system and to find out whether laparoscopic cholecystectomy was safer with least postoperative discomfort and hospital stay.

Design: Retrospective study

Methodology: Study was conducted on 100 patients undergoing cholecystectomy. 50 patients of open cholecystectomy and 50 patients of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in Surgical Ward, J.A. Group of Hospitals, G.R. Medical College, Gwalior.

Result: Maximum number of patients (24%) were belongs to 30-55 years of age. Male:female ratio was 9:41 for open cholecystectomy and 4:46 for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Gall bladder stone disease were 6-9 times more common in female patients. Intraoperative complication was 10% in open cholecystectomy and 8% in laparoscopic cholecystectomy and postoperative complication were higher in open cholecystectomy. Grade I complication rate was 26% in open cholecystectomy and 12% in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Grade II complication was 4% in open cholecystectomy and 8% in laparoscopic cholecystectomy i.e. grade II complication rate was higher in laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and conversion rate was 16%, operating time was higher in laparoscopic cholecystectomy group and hospital stay was shorter in laparoscopic cholecystectomy group.

Conclusion: Thus we concluded that laparoscopic cholecystectomy was superior procedure for treatment of gall bladder stone disease. As it was associated with decrease complication, decrease postoperative pain, decrease hospital stay and improve cosmetic outcome.

Keywords: Common bile duct laparoscopic cholecystectomy, open cholecystectomy

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Dr Anurag Chauhan

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