Title: Albinism in India; Social Stigma and Undertreated Entity- A Review
Authors: Mithila Vanarase, Ninad Gadekar
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i6.75
Abstract
Background: Albinism is autosomal recessive pigmentary disorder, characterized by lack of protective melanin, as a result of which albinos are highly susceptible to sun-induced damage to skin.1 Persistent photosensitivity leads to development of various premalignant and malignant skin lesions. Awareness regarding strict sun protection and early detection of malignant lesions is necessary to prevent further complications.
Case Presentation: A 40-year-old male, who was a known case of Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) presented to us with multiple yellowish thick papules and crusted lesion on sun exposed area. He was diagnosed to have Oculocutaneous albinism with actinic keratosis, with Bowen’s disease (in situ squamous cell carcinomas). The case is reported to highlight social awareness and preventive aspects in the management of albinos.
Conclusion: Albino patients are more susceptible to develop malignancy; high index of suspicion is necessary for early diagnosis and treatment of premalignant lesion. In management physician should councel patient and his family about nature of disease, pattern of inheritance and need for strict sun protection measures.
Keywords: Albinism; Actinic keratosis; Bowen’s disease; Social stigma.
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