Introduction: In India, most diabetic patients are not being evaluated for anemia until appearance of clinical features of renal involvement. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of anemia in diabetic patients without overt features of renal pathology with non-anemic in diabetic patients and to analyze the severity of anemia in relation to the complications of diabetes and its duration.

Material and Methods: It is a cross-sectional study in which 120 patients of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 was including attending Medical OPD of Mahatma Gandhi Hospital, Sitapura, Jaipur was included. Upon admission, all patients underwent a comprehensive assessment of diabetes-related complications and risk factors. Appropriate statistical analysis was done to find out any association between anemia and diabetes and its complications.

Results: Of the total 120 diabetic subjects in the study, 80 were anemic (49 males and 31 females) and 40 non anemic (26 males and 14 females). The results showed significant lowering of hemoglobin from 3 years of duration of diabetes. Neuropathy (73.75%), retinopathy (40%) and CVA (11.25%) and CAD (18.75%) were more prevalent in anemic group than non-anemic group. Incidence of Neuropathy and Retinopathy increases with increase in severity of anemia whereas micro albuminuria had reverse characteristic. CAD, PVD and CVA incidence were found maximum in the moderate anemia group. Severity of anemia increases the mortality risk in coronary artery disease (ischemia) as predicted by TIMI score.

Conclusion: These finding suggest that anemia is associated with both micro and macro vascular complications in Diabetes. Anemia should be considered for inclusion in routine management of Type 2 DM patients and should be treated to minimize and further delay the complications, thus enhancing quality of life.

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Dr Anchin Yadav

Mahatma Gandhi Medical College, Jaipur