Title: Clinical Spectrum and Etiology of Seizures in Children in Age Group of Two Months to Twelve Years: A Cross Sectional Observational Study
Authors: Amardip Kaur, Showkat Hussain Tali , Shagufta Yousuf
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i7.08
Abstract
Background: Not only the incidence, clinical profile and etiology of seizures vary between populations. This knowledge is very useful for health care planning by health care providers.
Method: A total of 110 cases in age group of 2 months to 12 years brought to emergency department with acute convulsions and those patients admitted in paediatric ward and PICU (Paediatrics Intensive Care Unit) who develop acute seizures were included in the study. Relative incidence of clinical seizure types and etiological factors was determined on the basis of clinical examination and laboratory investigations.
Result: Generalised tonic clonic (GTC) seizures were present in 65.4% of patients while as 61.8% of patients were having infective pathology (neuro-infections) as the etological factor for occurrence of seizures.
Conclusion: GTC seizures were the most common clinical seizure type while neuroinfections was the most common etiology factor for seizures in our population.
References
1. Lowenstein DH, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL. Seizures and Epilepsy. In: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 18th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill, 2012: 3251-69.
2. Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St.Geme JW, Schor NF, Behrman RE. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th ed.: Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2011: 2013-39.
3. Shorvon S, Guerrini R, Cook M, Lhatoo S D. Seizures in Childhood. In: Oxford Textbook of Epilepsy and Epileptic Seizures. Definitions and Epidemiology of Epilepsy; UK: Oxford University Press, 2013: 51-60.
4. Koul R, Razdan S, Motta A. Prevalence and pattern of epilepsy in rural Kashmir, India. Epilepsia 1988; 29(2):116-22.
5. Shakya KN, Shrestha R, Baral MR. Epilepsy in children an epidemiological study at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching hospitals, Kathamundu. Kathamundu University Medical Journal 2003;1(1):14-19
6. Senanayake N, Roman GC. Epidemiology of epilepsy in developing countries. Bull WHO 1993; 71(2):247-58.
7. Usman S, Chaudhry HR, Asif A, Yousaf A, Jahangir SF, Gul H, et al. Demographic profile of patients with epilepsy in a community clinic. Part II. Pak J Med Sc 2007 Oct-Dec; 23(6):873-6.
8. McMullan J, Sasson C Pancioli A, Silbergleit R. Midazolam versus Diazepam for the treatment of Status Epilepticus in children & young Adults: A Meta-Analysis. Acad Emerg Med 2010; 17(6): P 575-82.
9. Oguntesi T, Ogundeyi M, Olowu A. Pattern of childhood epilepsies in Sagumu, Nigeria. Indian Pediatr 2009; 76 (4):385-9.
10. Deshmukh C T, Shah I. Intramuscular Midazolam versus Intravenous Diazepam for acute Seizures. Indian J Pediatr 2005; 72(8): 667-70.
11. Mohammad M Kati. Approach to epilepsy in children. Indian J Pediatr 1990; 57:297-312.
12. Abou-Khalil B, Krei L, Lazenby B, Haris PA, Haines JL, Hedra P. Family genetic predisposition, Epilepsy location and antecedent febrile seizures. Epilepsia Res 2007 Jan; 73 (10):104-10.
13. Sjovall S, Kanto J, Himberg JJ, Hovi-Viander M, Salo M. CSF penetration and pharmacokinetic of midazolam. Eur J Clin Pharmacology 1983; 25 (2):247-51.
14. Blume WT. Clinical profile of partial seizures beginning at less than 41/2 of age epilepsia 1989; 30(6):813-9.
15. Singhi P. Infectious causes of seizures and epilepsy in the developing world. Developmental medicine and child neurology 2011, 53:600-9.