Title: Clinical Profile and Management of Patients Having Acute Gastroenteritis Induced Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Dr Chirag J Patel, Dr Amit Desai, Dr Vidur Joshi, Dr Binit Jhaveri
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i6.114
Abstract
Introduction
The main factor that influences the high rates of mortality and morbidity within developing nations is diarrhoeal diseases. However, acute diarrhoeal diseases are also prevalent within nations that maintain high sanitary levels.1
Acute gastroenteritis i.e. acute inflammation of gastrointestinal tract involves both the stomach ("gastro") and the small intestine ("entero") resulting in different combinations of diarrhoea with vomiting, fever and abdominal pain.2
Acute kidney injury is rapid deterioration in renal function resulting in accumulation of metabolic waste, sufficient to cause uraemia, following variety of insults to previously normal kidneys.3
Several factors affect prognosis of acute kidney injury like oliguria, a rise in serum creatinine greater than 3 mg%, older debilitated patients, multi organ failure, associated co-morbid conditions, need for dialysis, suspected or proven sepsis.4
The auto regulatory response normally renders an individual relatively resistant to prerenal forms of acute renal failure; however, a marked decrease in renal perfusion pressure below the auto regulatory range can lead to an abrupt decrease in GFR and lead to acute kidney injury.5
References
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