Title: A Case Report of Bilateral Elongated Styloid Process Presenting with Symptoms of Eagle Syndrome
Authors: Dr Ambath D. Momin, Gautam Chandra Das, Amitav Sarma, Pranab Debbarma, Biraj Bhuyan, Nirmalya Saha, T. Dineshor Singh
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i6.92
Abstract
Introduction: The styloid process of temporal bone is a slender projection attached to the base of the skull. The normal length of styliod process is 2-3cm. When it is more than 3 cm it is kwown as elongated styloid process. Elongated styloid process may give raised to group of symptoms known as Eagle syndrome.
Materials: A 36 year old male presented in the ENT OPD, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, with a complaint of mild bilateral recurrent pain in the upper lateral part of the neck and tonsillar fossa.
Observation: On inspection no sign of inflammation but there is mild tenderness on palpation. X Ray of the neck AP and lateral view was advised which shows long styloid process. 3D CT scan was advised to measure the actual length of the styloid process. CT scan shows bilateral elongated styloid process measuring 3.45cm in length.
Conclusion: Any case of pain or irritation in the upper part of the neck or throat can be due to elongated styloid process.
Keywords: Eagle syndrome, Tonsillar fossa, Reitchert`s cartilage.
References
1. Standring S. Head and neck. In: Grey`s Anatomy, the anatomical basis of clinical practice. 40th ed. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, 2008; p 412.
2. Solker K, Sandev S. New classification of styloid process length- clinical application on the biological base. Coll Antropol 2001; 25:627-632.
3. Kim E, Hansen K, Frizzi J. Eagle syndr-ome: case report and review of literature. Ear Nose Throat J. 2008;87: 631-633.
4. Balbuena L, Hayes D, Ramirez SG, Johnson R. Eagle's syndrome (elongated styloid process). South Med J 1997;90:331-334
5. Cawish SO, Gardner M, Shetty R, Harding HE. A post mortem study of the elongated styloid process in a Jamaican population. The Internet journal of Biological Anthropology. 2009; vol.3: no.1.
6. S Subramaniam, Abd Majid. Eagle syndrome. Med J Malaysia, March 2003; 58; P 139-141.
7. Rodriguez- Vazquez JF, Merida-Velasco JR, Verdugo-Lopez S, Sanchez-Montesinos I, Merida-Strauss M, Zohar Y and Laurin N. Elongated styloid process synrrome: Intraoral versus external appr-oach for styloid surgery. Laryngoscope 1979; P 976-979.
8. David T, Kent MD, Tanya J, Rath MD, Carl Synderman. Conventional and 3 –Dimentional Computerized Tomography in Eagle`s Syndrome, Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia, and Asymptomatic controls. Otolaryngology-Head and neck Surgery 2015, Vol. 153(1)-41-47.
9. Okur A, Ozkirisx M, serin HI, et al. Is there is relationship between symptoms of patients and tomographic characteristics of styloid process? Surg Radiol Anat. 2014; 36: 627-632.
10. Shobha G, afil M Alex, Uma Gopal. A case of elongated styloid process of skull(Eagle syndrome). Journal of Ayorveda and Holistic Medicine; 2013; (7): 30-33.
11. Eagle WW. Elongated styloid process: symptoms and treatment. Arch Otolaryngol, 1958; 64: 172-176.
12. Ryan D. Murtagha,Jamie T. Caraccioloa, Gasper Fernandeza. CT findings associated with eagle syndrome.AJNR 2001; 22; 1401-1402.
13. Ceylan A, Koybasioglu A, Celenk F, Yilmaz O, Uslu S. Surgical treatment of elongated styloid process: Experience of 61 cases. Skull Base. 2008;18:289–95.
14. Blythe JN, Matthews NS, Connor S. Eagle’s syndrome after fracture of the elongated styloid process. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;47:233–5.