Title: Clinical Profile of Non Variceal Upper GI Bleed
Authors: Suresh Muthezhathu Kesavadas, Srikantan Sreedharan Pillai
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i5.200
Abstract
Introduction: Acute gastrointestinal bleeding is a potentially life threatening abdominal emergency that remains a common cause of hospitalisation. Upper GI Bleeding (UGIB) is defined as bleeding derived from a source proximal to the ligament of Treitz. The incidence of UGIB is approximately100 cases per 100000 population per year. Bleeding from the upper GI tract is approximately 4 times as common as bleeding from the lower GI tract and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Mortality rates from UGIB are 6-10 % overall .H .pylori infections is the most common cause of major bleeding.
Objectives: To study the clinical profile and etiology of non variceal upper GI bleed
Materials and Methods: 158 patients with non variceal upper GI bleeding were studied. Their clinical profile including etiology was studied
Results: The mean age of the patient admitted was 52.06+15.31 years,67.7% were males,70.9%(n=112) had a history of chronic NSAID usage.64.6%(n=102) of the patients were smokers,53.8% of the patients (n=85)were known cases of peptic ulcer disease.54.4% (n=86)were alcoholics. 58.2% of patients needed blood transfusion. Only 2 patients (1.3%) died during hospital stay. Based on OGD 30.4% had duodenal ulcers, 70.9% (n=112) were high risk. Among the 102 patients who smoked 76.5% were in the high risk group. In the 86 patients who consumed alcohol 81.4% were in the high risk group
Conclusions: Chronic NSAID usage is a common cause of non variceal upper GI bleed. Duodenal ulcers was the most common OGD finding. Thus the most common etiology of non variceal UGIB was an active duodenal ulcer. Most of the chronic NSAID users were in the high risk group (p<.05).Patients who smoked or those who consumed alcohol were in the high risk group (P<.05). The risk of rebleeding is found to increase with age.
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