Title: Abnormal Platelets Indices is Significant Hematological Parameters as a Prognostic & Recovery Tool of Plasmodium Vivex Malaria for Acute Disease with Illness
Author: Dr Akshay Surana (MD Pathology)
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i4.222
Abstract
Aims & Objectives: Reduced the morbidity and mortality of malaria due to plasmodium vivex Reduced the incidence of plasmodium vivex induced acute illness and prevent the complication.
Material & Methods: Blood was collected in a sterile EDTA containing tube and processed following our established laboratory protocol .A complete blood counting including HB%, PCV, Red cell indices, platelet count with platelets indices MPV and total white cell count and differential was done by Automated blood cell counter and peripheral blood smear examination by thin film and thick film. The all cell count indices including RBC, WBC count with differential along with platelets count was further confirmed by manual oil immersion smear study method. Peripheral smears study was done with field A and B stain and leishman stain.
Conclusion: Thrombocytopenia is one of the most common complications of the P. vivax malaria and as a prognostic indicator of acute illness of malaria. Thrombocytopenia with raised Mean platelets volume hematological parameter is a adequate prognostic & diagnostic tool for acute illness and parasitimic index
Keyword: Mean platelets volume Thrombocytopenia Platelets aggregation.
References
1. J. Lou, Y. R. A. Donati, P. Juillard et al., “Platelets play an important role in TNF-induced microvascular endothelial cell pathology,” The American Journal of Pathology, vol. 151, no. 5, pp. 1397–1405, 1997.
2. S. C. Wassmer, C. Lépolard, B. Traoré, B. Pouvelle, J. Gysin, and G. E. Grau, “Platelets reorient Plasmodium falcipa-rum-infected erythrocyte cytoadhesion to activated endothelial cells,” Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 189, no. 2, pp. 180–189, 2004.
3. S. C. Wassmer, J. B. De Souza, C. Frère, F. J. Candal, I. Juhan-Vague, and G. E. Grau, “TGF-β1 released from activated platelets can induce TNF-stimulated human brain endothelium apoptosis: a new mechanism for microvascular lesion during cerebral malaria,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 176, no. 2, pp. 1180–1184, 2006.
4. B. O. Carvalho, S. C. P. Lopes, P. A. Nogueira et al., “On the cytoadhesion of Plasmodium vivax-infected erythrocytes,” Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 202, no. 4, pp. 638–647, 2010.
5. A. J. Rodríguez-Morales, E. Sánchez, M. Vargas, et al., “Anemia and thrombocy-topenia in children with Plasmodium vivax malaria,” Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, vol. 52, pp. 49–51, 2005.
6. P. J. Beale, J. D. Cormack, and T. B. Oldrey, “Thrombocytopenia in malaria with immunoglobulin (IgM) changes,” British Medical Journal, vol. 1, no. 796, pp. 345–349, 1972.
7. WHO, “Severe falciparum malaria,” Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, vol. 94, Supplement 1, pp. S1–S90, 2000.
8. M. V. G. Lacerda, Clinical manifestations and pathogenesis of malarial thrombocytopenia [Ph.D. thesis], Tropical Medicine Department, University of Brasília, 2007.
9. S. B. R. Silva, Evaluation of frequency and factors associated to thrombocytopenia caused by Plasmodium vivax [Master dissertation], Federal University of Mato Grosso, 2009.
10. P. Grynberg, C. J. Fernandes Fontes, and É. Martins Braga, “Association between particular polymorphic residues on apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA-1) and platelet levels in patients with vivax malaria,” Clinical Microbiology and Infection, vol. 13, no. 11, pp. 1089–1094, 2007.
11. Franklin BS, Vitorino BLF, Coelho HC, Menezes-Neto A, Santos MLS, Campos FMF, Brito CF, Fontes CJ, Lacerda MV, Carvalho LH: Plasma circulating nucleic acids levels increase according to the morbidity of Plasmodium vivax malaria. PLoSOne 2011, 6:e19842.
12. Coelho HCC, Lopes SCP, Pimentel JPD, Nogueira PA, Costa FTM, Siqueira AM, Melo GC, Monteiro WM, Malheiro A, Lacerda MVG: Thrombocytopenia in Plasmodium vivaxmalaria is related to platelets phagocytosis.PLoS One 2013, 8:e63410.
13. Maina RN, Walsh D, Gaddy C, Hongo G, Waitumbi J, Otieno L, Jones D, Ogutu BR: Impact of Plasmodium falciparum infection on haematological parameters in children living in western Kenya.Malar J 2010, 9(Suppl 3)
14. Ladhani S, Lowe B, Cole AO, Kowuondo K, Newton CRJC: Changes in white blood cells and platelets in children with falciparum malaria: relationship to disease outcome. Br J Haematol 2002, 119:839-847.
15. WHO: Guidelines for the treatment of malaria. 2nd edition. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
16. Thon JN, Italiano JE: Does size matter in platelet production 2012, 120:1552-1561
17. Becchi C, Al Malyan M, Fabbri LP, Marsili M, Boddi V, Boncinelli S: Mean platelet volume trend in sepsis: is it a useful parameter Minerva Anestesiol 2006, 72:749-756.