Title: Diabetes and Tuberculosis: The Study of Clinical-radiological Profile in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Rawal Divyant, Gupta Virendra, Varshney Amit
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i2.67
Abstract
Background - DM is a well known risk factor for TB in the past 1,2. Patient with diabetes mellitus type-2 are in particular more prone to getting into infections, including TB, which are more difficult to treat because of their inherent weak immune system, the high prevalence of diabetes could adversely affect global TB control effort 3,4. Historically, the incidence of tuberculosis in patients with diabetes has been high, 5, 6,7. The incidence of TB showing it to be two to five time higher in diabetic patients Than in non-diabetic patients 8,9-11. TB in diabetic patients has been reported to have more cavitatry lesion, less sputum positivity and paucity of symptoms and signs compared to TB in non-diabetic patients 10.
Method - The study was carried out on patients attending the OPD/IPD of department of General Medicine, SRMS-IMS, Bareilly, U.P. between Jan’2013 to Jan-2015. After a detailed history and thorough examinations all patient were subjected to sputum smear for AFB examination, X-ray chest PA view and hematological investigation.
Result - A total 58 proven cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, who were known diabetics were included in this study. Out of 58 cases, 34(58.6%) were male and 24(41.4%) were female. Male to female ratio was (1.4:1). The mean age of was 48.2 + 12.3 yrs. The majority of patients were between 41-60 years of age followed by 61-80 and 20-40 years i.e. 31,12,12 respectively. Out of 58 patients, 32 (55.2%) cases were sputum positive, rest of them were sputum negative. In 32 cases 19 cases were male and 13 cases were female.
Conclusion - DM is a known risk factor for TB in endemic area, and this risk increases with age. In general, TB is a disease that should be considered in diabetic patients with an atypical clinical and radiological presentation.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Sputum Positive.
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