Title: Risk Factor Assessment for Neonatal Jaundice: A Descriptive Observational Study
Authors: Dr Brijmohan Meena, Dr J N Sharma, Dr Sanjay Jain, Dr Suneeta Meena
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i1.53
Abstract
Background: Jaundice refers to the yellowish discoloration of the skin and sclera due to accumulation of bilirubin. Neonatal jaundice is a common cause of newborn hospital admission. This study addressed the risks, characteristics and outcomes of the jaundiced newborn admitted to the hospital.
Aims & Objectives: To determine the risk factors of jaundice in neonates admitted in neonatal units, SMS Medical College, Jaipur.
Subject & Method: A Hospital based Descriptive, observational study conducted from March 2013 to April 2014. Study group included neonates admitted in the neonatology units with jaundice.
Results: Overall 500 newborns were investigated. Out of them 332 were male &168 were female. Of them 36.6% had gestational age <35 weeks, 22% had 35-36wks and 41.4% had ≥37 weeks. ABO &Rh incompatibility were found in 45.6% & 10.4 % respectively. Prematurity was seen in 36.6% cases. Septicemia was diagnosed among 27.8%. G6PD deficiency and hypothyroidism were found in 6 and 3 cases respectively. Birth Asphyxia was seen in 6.2 % of patients.
Conclusion: The study revealed that ABO incompatibility, prematurity, and sepsis were found most common risk factor for neonatal jaundice. All neonates with major risk factors should be kept in close observation in hospital. These infants after discharge should also be followed up at pre-decided time interval.
Keywords: ABO incompatibility, Birth asphyxia, Neonatal jaundice, Prematurity, Septicemia.
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