Title: Immuno-Histochemical Study of P16INK4A in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Cervical Cancer
Authors: Dr Sharath Kumar H.K, Dr Kokila. S
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i1.37
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) strains 16 and 18. One of the consequences of viral genomic integration into the host cell is up regulation of p16INK4A, a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor. This implies that detection of p16INK4A may be used as a surrogate marker of integration of high risk HPV into cervical epithelium and transition to malignant transformation.
Aim: The aim of this study is to assess utility of p16INK4A immunopositivity and evaluate the usefulness of this biomarker in the diagnosis of CIN and cervical cancer.
Materials and Methods: 65 cervical biopsy/ hysterectomy specimens of LSIL, HSIL and SCC were studied for H&E and compared with IHC staining. Subsequently, the immunohistochemically stained slides were graded on a 0-3 grading scale.
Results:
· 65 evaluated cases on histopathological examination showed that 23 (35.4%) cases were LSIL, 8 (12.3%) cases were HSIL and 34 (52.3%) cases were SCC of uterine cervix
· 23 cases of LSIL were studied for p16INK4A over expression in which 20 (87%) cases showed grade 1 staining and 3 (13%) cases showed grade 2 staining
· 8 cases of HSIL were studied for p16INK4A over expression in which 1 (12.5%) case showed grade 2 staining and 7 (87.5%) cases showed grade 3 staining
· 34 cases of SCC were studied for p16INK4A over expression in which 3 (8.8%) cases showed grade 2 staining and 31 (91.2%) cases showed grade 3 staining
Conclusion: The present study concludes that p16INK4A is a specific marker for dysplastic and neoplastic alteration in the cervical epithelium and thereby significantly improves cervical pre-cancer and cancer detection.
Keywords: Dysplasia, Kinase inhibitor, Cervical neoplasia, Biomarker.
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