Title: Molecular Characterisation of HIV Associated Tuberculosis Compared to Conventional Methods
Authors: Manjusha Pandey, Shailja Pant, R.C.pande, Kanchan Srivastava
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v3i8.52
DIDS : 08.2015-XXXXXXXX
Abstract
Background: Early diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis is difficult using conventional diagnostic method. Acid-fast bacillus (AFB) culture and smear microscopy are alone inadequate to diagnose of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -associated Tuberculosis (TB). In both test low sensitivity is a major drawback. Advances in molecular techniques, which rapidly identify Mycobacterium DNA in sputum, may overcome these obstacles.
Objective: Molecular characterisation of HIV associated tuberculosis compared to conventional methods.
Study Design: A cross-sectional study design.
Setting: King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh and Dolphin (PG) Institute of Biomedical and Natural Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand,
Method: The present study showed the laboratory finding of 250 sero-positive HIV patients carried out of department of Microbiology, Medical University, Lucknow and Dolphin (PG) Institute of Biomedical and Natural Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Their HIV status confirmed by Enzyme linked immune Sorbent Assay (ELISA) test in antiretroviral therapy (ART) centre Medical University, Lucknow. The study consisted with HIV-positive patient, clinically diagnosed for tuberculosis cases. All sputum samples subjected to AFB smear microscopy, culture and drug-susceptibility testing by 1% proportion method on Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results:Among 250 HIV positive sputum samples 48 (19.2%) were smear positive 54 (21.6%) were culture positive and 58 (23.4%), PCR positive. PCR was found high sensitive and specific as a diagnostic tool compare to smear microscopy and culture.
Conclusion:The present study shows the major advances in molecular techniques, which rapidly identify Mycobacterium DNA in sputa with in comparison to other methods.
Key words: Mycobacterial culture, polymerase chain reaction, acid-fast bacilli, Lowenstein-Jensen medium.
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